Really, the first question is, "Why build your own stretcher?" There is no shortage of places selling them premade, pre-primed, and ready to go. As soon as you get it home, you're ready to paint.
Here are the reasons why I prefer to build my own canvas:
1) It is cheaper than buying a premade one.
2) You can build strange, customs sizes (I'm working on a painting idea which would call for an 18" x 9' canvas).
3) You get a stronger, higher quality canvas on which to work.
As an artist, I don't like painting on a canvas where the stretcher is so close to the painting surface that every brush stroke brings the canvas' back into contact with the stretcher. In particularly bad cases, you can even see the stretcher profile through the painted canvas.
By using at least a half inch piece of quarter-round , the canvas is lifted up and away from the stretcher. The only place that the canvas face is in contact with anything is the edge of the stretcher.
Below is a profile view of a stretcher I recently built. The strecher is made from 1"x 4" pine and a piece of 3/4" quater round.
This is the profile of a student/hobby grade premade stretcher. Note how shallow a profile the outer edge has and how wide of an edge (apx. 1/4") will be in contact with the canvas once stretched.
Here is the final product.
I build all of my stretchers out of pine 1"x 3" or 1"x 4" and pine quater round. Do not buy treated lumber for a canvas stretcher. The chemicals will harm the painting. Instead, us untreated lumber meant for interior wood work, cabinets, and furniture. This lumber is can be found at any of the big-box home improvement stores (Lowe's, Home Depot, et cetera).
Before all of my tools were stollen last year, I could crank out two or three 3' x 4' stretchers in an hour or so. The ideal tools for this are a miter saw, a brad or finish nailing gun with compressor, and a biscuit cutter (this is used to join the corners). However, since I currently have none of these tools, I used a hand saw, a drill, screws, and a right angle square (for checking to see if all corners are square and marking 45 degree cuts). Doing it all by hand takes a lot longer.
The short how-to for building a strecher (sorry, I didn't think to take step by step pictures at the time):
1) Glue and nail (or screw) quarter-round to stretcher boards. If using screws, predrill holes, and sink them below the top edge of the quarter-round. The heads should not come in contact with the canvas.
2) Decide on what size stretcher you want; cut boards to length.
3) Miter cut each corner at a forty-five degree angle. Lay boards out to check the fit, make adjustments as needed.
4) Use biscuit cutter to join each of the corners together, use lots of wood glue. If you don't have a biscuit cutter, glue corners and join with finishing nail or screws (pre-drill screw holes).
5) Using thin panaling or small bits of wood, brace corners from the top side. The braces should be thinner/lower than the top edge of the quarter-round. Glue and nail/screw in place.
6) Let glue dry. Once dry, you are ready to stretch the canvas.
3 comments:
I never thought about it before, but that makes a lot of sense. Of course, I'm a terrible painter, so I guess I won't be needing this information.
Well, you never know. With your professed love of shopping, it might come in handy. You never know when you might want to buy a painting, and it is always nice to know what you're getting.
This is very useful. I'm wondering if you have trouble with pine warping. I was thinking about using poplar wood, which is of course more expensive and heavier, but it seemed to be straighter and sturdier than pine. If you look back at the oldest stretcher you made, is it still in good shape? Also, I went to Lowe's and could not fine real wood quarter rounds. They were all this particle-board type of stuff with a finished surface. Will this cause problems if I use it?
Thanks!
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